Findings, methods and sources
Adjacent evidenceReviewContext / synthesis
Finding. A meta-analysis pools studies of nature exposure and pain, including images, sound and real environments.
Limitation. Adjacent evidence about nature. Comparator choice and risk of bias affect interpretation; do not transfer the pooled estimate to sculpture.
Methods and verification
Verification level: Abstract checked
- Design
- Systematic review and meta-analysis
- Sample / scope
- 62 studies (96 effects), 4,439 participants, 21 countries
- Setting
- Mixed clinical and laboratory
- Art form
- Several or unspecified
Citation checked against Crossref and abstract against the publisher or OpenAlex record, 29 September 2026
Last full editorial audit: 2026-09-09 · Verification policy
Publications and overlap
No confirmed shared-publication match is recorded for this entry in Edition 4.11. Source-by-source and participant-level reconciliation is incomplete; this does not establish an independent study.